Essay on Psychology Personality Theories - 1715 Words

Introduction: What is Personality? Allport defines personality as ‘the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment’ (Allport, 1937). An individual’s unique personality traits and attributes are a powerful indicator of how he/she will interact with the work environment. The difference between average and outstanding employees can often be solely personality related. As the employee is the most valuable asset to the company, ‘selecting the right employee during the process is critical’ (Carbery and Cross, 2013, pp. 41-53) Traditional Theory Vs Cognitive Theory When we speak about personality, we must consider the two prominent schools of thought:†¦show more content†¦Differences in Personality Both nature and nurture interplay to determine personality characteristics. Nature is heredity and passed on at conception. Nurture is that which is environmentally developed. It is innate that a baby will crawl, but he needs the support of his environment (diet, etc.) if he is to ultimately survive. Our behaviour is the result of a combination of inborn traits and the situations in which we find ourselves. There are five categorise which help influence personality differences. Genetically, offspring tend to take on some of the characteristics of their parents. However, this could be due to long term exposure to the personalities of their parents rather than their genetic coding. Whether a person is male or female determines what gender role they take on. ‘Women are expected to be nurturing, attractive, emotional, weak, and subordinate to men; whereas, men are the strong, rational, objective, and financial providers’ (Loue and Sajatovic, 2007). Ones family experiences c an also influence a person’s behaviour. Family experiences like: ‘family size, birth order, differential parental orientations towards children’ etc. will impact on the emergence of personality as well as a person’s suitability to leadership roles (Morley and Moore et al., 2004, pp. 28-52). Culture plays a very strong role in determining what is believed to be acceptable and unacceptableShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1292 Words   |  6 Pages Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the differences between people’s behaviors in terms of patterns, cognitions, and emotion. Personality psychology has been around for centuries, since Hippocrates’ Four Humors. Personality psychology has taken on many forms and has continued to develop throughout the centuries. Personality psychology is also developed with and from other fields of psychology like child development, behavioral, cognitive, and few oth ers. PersonalityRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology922 Words   |  4 Pagesquite understand â€Å"(Freidman, 2012, p. 17). This is the struggle that personality psychology tries to understand, how and to what extent the unconscious forces plays a role in human behavior. It is believed that people are responsible for their own actions. There is a continuous struggle with personality psychology and the comprehension of and to what extent unconscious forces play in human behavior. â€Å"Meeting of two personalities is like the contact of two chemical substances; if there is any reactionRead MoreTheories Of Personality And Social Psychology3265 Words   |  14 PagesCLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY Signature assignment: Explore future directions for personality theory and research in social psychology Apologies it is slightly late. I’ve been trying to upload this and even attach as an email. I’ve had to use an entirely different computer to do this. Faculty Use Only Future directions for personality theory and research in social psychology Introduction and overview of personality in social psychology Social psychologyRead MoreThe Personality Theory Of Adler s Individual Psychology Theory1436 Words   |  6 PagesI. Theory Description The personality theory that I have chosen as best identifying with my personality and beliefs is Adler’s Individual Psychology theory (Friedman Schustack, 2012). Adler based his theory on the belief that individuals placed varying degrees of importance in different aspects of social and individual motivations such as an ideal goal. He used the term finalism to describe his idea that individuals all have an ultimate goal that they strive to become. The goal is subjective toRead MoreDefensive Personality Studied through Personality Psychology Trait Theories755 Words   |  4 PagesA person with a defensive personality may feel as though they are being attacked and to cope with it they need to defend their choice of words and actions when they are dealing with other individuals. My younger sister, Carlee, has a defensive personality. We have the same mother, but different fathers. This caused us to be raised in different situations. She has moved around a lot, going from m y dad’s house, to our mom’s house, and to her dad’s house. She did not have a set place where sheRead MorePsychology, Trait Theory And The Study Of Human Personality Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesIn psychology, trait theory (also called dispositional theory) is an approach to the study of human personality. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion.[1] According to this perspective, traits are relatively stable over time, differ across individuals (e.g. some people are outgoing whereas others are shy), and influence behavior. Traits are in contrast to states which are more transitory dispositionsRead MorePsychology : Learning, Development, Stress And Health, And Personality Theories1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthat’s fine. Psychology plays a major role in the way we are brought up and who we are today. Believe it or not, the way we are taught and the way we are are today deals with the way our brain has grown and developed throughout our years on this earth. During psychology class, I learned about many different theories that different people came up with to clarify how we act today. In this paper i’m going to use my knowledge of learning, development, stress and health, and personality theories and integrateRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1019 Words   |  5 Pagesnot like you at all? It’s ironic how a person personality is shaped. Personality is included in basically everyday life. Personality defines a person. Personality is like a big stew mixed with emotions, behaviors, and patterns of thought that truly define a person. Personality Psychology is the study of these different patterns among a group of people or culture. The studies of psychology started from Hippocrates’ theory that argues that personality traits are based on four different sections. ThisRead MoreTheories Of Personality A nd Psychology1382 Words   |  6 PagesStudent: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 3 (DEBATE EXISTENCE OF THE UNCONSCIOUS) Faculty Use Only Debate on Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism: Freud and Skinner Moderator: Good evening, and welcome to the Northcentral University?s debate on psychanalysis versus behaviorism. My name is Nisaa Kirtman and I am from the Department of Psychology. It?s an honor to be the moderator of tonight?s debate. The topicRead MorePsychology : Theories Of Personality1577 Words   |  7 PagesUNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Student: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 4 (ANALYZE THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING PERSONALITY) Faculty Use Only The Humanistic Approach to Understanding Personality In the 1950?s, the field of psychology was dominated mainly by two schools of thought: psychoanalytic theory (the unconscious mind and unconscious motivations that shape human behavior), and behaviorism

Is This Truly The Case If So, What Are The Reasons For

Is this truly the case? If so, what are the reasons for this broad range of inequality in our education system? The answer is; yes, this is the case, and it can be proven statistically. There are two definitive reasons why. First is the inflated cost of education in America. Secondly is the inability of poor families to acquire the substantial financial capital that is required to pay for a quality education for their children. Both of these conclusions can be supported with a cost analysis of education in America, as well as, the differences per family income that are provided by the U. S. Census Bureau. Annual tuition rates at state supported colleges and universities in the U. S. run on average about $8,660. In the U. S. about 6.6†¦show more content†¦The prominent reason why expenditures per student and the allocation of revenue varies so greatly between these wealthier school districts and the more impoverished school districts in America, is the fact that their budgets are based on revenue generated by property taxes. The higher the taxes in a district, the greater the revenue and the resulting increase in financial capital that a school district has at its disposal. The result is much smaller class sizes, state of the art technology and facilities, better qualified teachers and faculty, and a significantly more amount of personal attention for the privileged students that attend these private schools. Where does this leave our society when we consider the right to an equal opportunity education in America? â€Å"Across the United States, about 90% of the 55.1 million primary and secondary school children attend state-funded public schools.† (Macionis 472) Those students that re fortunate enough to be enrolled in the remaining 10% of private schools in the more affluent districts gain the advantage of resources that are allocated through higher tax revenues. Therefore, they receive a better funded education than those children that are lef t behind in the community schools that are unable to generate the same wealth of revenue. Research shows that children who benefit from this financial advantage in the better funded and more prestigious schools test better andShow MoreRelatedThere Are A Few Different Types Of Insanity Pleas In The1264 Words   |  6 Pageson the 1843 British case of Daniel M Naughten, a deranged woodcutter who attempted to assassinate the prime minister. He was acquitted, and the resulting standard is still used in 26 states in the U.S.: A defendant may be found not guilty by reason of insanity if at the time of committing the act, he was laboring under such a defect of reason from disease of the mind as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing, or if he did know it, that he did not know what he was doing was wrongRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article On Being An Atheist 1634 Words   |  7 Pages however, in this essay I will be responding to some of his atheistic views and will be attempting to respond to them from a theistic worldview approach. In the article McCloskey, chooses to use the word â€Å"proof† instead of the word â€Å"theory†. By doing this he is making his argument sound more fact driven and reasonable. He is also in turn making Christianity and the belief that God exists sound more fictitious. However, though his argument sounds appealing we must remember that what he argues isRead MoreTaking a Look at the Death Penalty694 Words   |  3 PagesShould killers live to take another life? If we let the felons live, what will stop them from getting that rush or thrill of murder again? It is important that we take murderers off this planet for the safety of future generations to come. This is where the death penalty comes into place. What type of feelings would you encounter knowing your children were in danger on a daily basis? We are capable of putting certain people away for our safety. The death penalty may be expensive, but it should standRead MoreWhat Is Enlightenment1028 Words   |  5 Page sA More Enlightened Contemporary Society What is Enlightenment?, an explication that was written in 1784 in Prussia by the philosopher Immanuel Kant, discusses the principles that he deems to be truths surrounding significant topics such as freedom, reason, and an individual’s and/or societal necessity to be fully mature, in terms that he described as being scholar. Here, what is most evident is the reality that while he perceived the society as being unprepared to be fully mature, he neverthelessRead MorePersuasive Essay On Euthanasia1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthe differences, if there are any, between killing and letting die in order to develop an understanding of people’s qualms with euthanasia. For our example of what is wrong with killing, let us say that we slam a rock against a friends head and then they unconsciously fall into a puddle, just tall enough to drown them. What might wrong with this? Immediately responses will flow: â€Å"all biological human life is valuable† or â€Å"to kill som eone is to violate their autonomy or personhood.† More arguments mayRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Harrison Bergeron 1081 Words   |  5 Pages Can an equal society truly exist? The story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† gives one perspective answer to this question throughout the story. The story portrays one main conflict between Harrison Bergeron, a genius boy who is very talented, against a â€Å"government† that makes the entire society equal by handicapping the more gifted, down to the level of the less fortunate or incapable. Harrison constantly outgrows his tremendous handicaps faster than the government can create them and plans to overthrow theRead MoreThe Between Faith And Reason Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pagesthe balance between faith and reason in human life. All three men are on personal journeys to better understand not only themselves, but their faith as well. Although the three have different writing styles, Augustine’s The Confessions, Aquinas’ Summa Contra Gentiles, and Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy, all share the common theme of faith and reason. These pieces of writing are extremely influential, which are why they continue to be studied today. Faith and reason will always be a popular topicRead MoreCan An Equal Society Truly Exist?1082 Words   |  5 PagesCan an equal society truly exist? The story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† gives one perspective answer to this question throughout the story. The story portrays one main conflict between Harrison Bergeron, a genius boy who is very talented, against a â€Å"government† that makes the entire society equal by handicapping the more gifted, down to the level of the less fortunate or incapable. Harrison constantly outgrows his tremendous handicaps faster than the government can create them and plans to overthrow theRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay1083 Words   |  5 Pages This debate has been very prevalent in society and in politics. Experts, politicians, and people alike have been debating among themselves whether or not marijuana should be legalized in America. Marijuana is a drug that can be smoked or eaten. It is grown from the ground and gives the user a sense of a hallucinogenic high. It goes by many names such as Mary Jane, kush, grass, weed, pot, green, cannabis, hemp, or chronic. Some say that marijuana is not as bad as alcohol. Some say that marijuanaRead MoreAbortion Should Go Back to Being Illegal in the United States1239 Words   |  5 Pagesthe deliberate killing of the most innocent nature among us, babies whom are not yet born. In 1973, abortion was legalized in the United States via the famous court case of Roe vs Wade. Roe was a single and pregnant woman who was fighting the state of Texas where the law stated she was not allowed to get an abortion. Roe won the case and abortion was legalized. Even though millions of abortions have been performed since 1973, the debate over whether it ever should have been legalized is strongly

Deforestation and Climate Change Free Essays

Now days, deforestation had become one of serious issue that happen in our country. Illegal deforestation that been done by irresponsible people can cause many damage to our earth and can cause natural disaster for example landslide. Deforestation will cause loss of biodiversity, unstable ground that is liable to landslide, soil erosion and agrochemical pollution of streams. We will write a custom essay sample on Deforestation and Climate Change or any similar topic only for you Order Now This thing usually happened at high ground places where there are many trees that can be cut and places that have potential to have development. In our project we will discuss this case at Cameron Highland where it was one of popular place that deforestation and landslide had been reported. The purpose of our project is to study how landslide happen that caused by deforestation. We will do some research on how this disaster happen. Furthermore we will talk about the effect that will happen after the landslide which is dangerous to people who leaves nearby. With this we can discuss how to overcome this problem so that this problem can be reduced from time to time. If deforestation still continued and landslide keeps happen in Cameron Highland, our environment will be destroyed by our own mankind. Introduction The term landslide means the usually rapid downward movement of a mass of rock, earth or artificial fill on a slope. Although the action of gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, there are other contributing factors affecting slope stability. Typically, pre-conditional factors build up specific surface or sub-surface conditions that make a slope prone to failure, whereas the actual landslide often requires a trigger before being released. Landslide was one of serious disaster that happened in Malaysia since 1919. The first landslide tragedy recorded in Malaysia was in Bukit Tunggal, Perak which claimed 12 lives and damaged a lot of property. There are many landslide disaster being reported since then and causes many damages, life and economic losses. This tragedy are becoming more frequent lately especially in Cameron Highland that been reported for about one case a year. In Cameron Highland, besides causing loss of lives, it also damaged the highway which was usually the main road there. This will disturbed the economic activity where it can delay the delivery of agriculture products since Cameron Highland was one of the main sources of agriculture in Malaysia. Besides, landslide will also disturb tourism in Cameron Highland because roads will be closed, transportation will be delayed and tourist will afraid to come there. From 1973–2007, the total economic loss due to landslides was estimated about US $1 billion. Most of landslide events in this country occurred during rainy seasons or after prolonged heavy rainfall. This can be understood since this country, due to its geographical position, experiences two maritime monsoons namely northeast and southwest monsoons. Soil erosion that occurred due to natural process is usually does not cause much problem. It becomes a problem when human activity causes it to occur at much faster rate than under natural conditions. The main cause of landslide in Cameron Highland is illegal deforestation. The term deforestation can be defined as the action of clearing wide area of trees. About 30% of Earth’s surface is covered by forest. Deforestation occurs for multiple reasons such as trees are cut down to be used for building or sold as charcoal. The cleared areas after the deforestation will be used as a development area. It will result in habitat damage, biodiversity loss and aridity. Deforestation also been used for war purposes. But now days, there are no wars happened so it was not a reason for people can cut down trees illegally. Between 2000 and 2012, 2.3 million square kilometres of forest around the world were cut down. As a result, only 6.2 million square kilometres remain of the original 16 million square kilometres of forest that formerly covered the Earth. Deforestation can cause a lot of damages other than landslides. Deforestation can also increase greenhouse gas emission. We all know that forest help to process carbon dioxide that we produce and changed it to oxygen by doing photosynthesis. It will contribute to rising temperatures if a lot of trees cut down. Changes in climate can affect forest dwelling creatures by altering their habitats and decreasing availability of food and water and species losses may occur if this thing keep go on. Examples of impacted species around the world because of deforestation are leopards, elephants, tigers and Orang Utan. The results of the study suggest how to overcome this deforestation problem from time to time. Cameron Highlands in one of places that landslide happened because of deforestation. Cameron Highland was one of the best places to visit in our country. A place with many agriculture and good places for sight-seeing. Unfortunately, Cameron Highlands had been reported with many cases about landslides. The latest landslide reported happened in Sungai Koyan road on February 2018. This incident luckily not cause any loss of life and injury and no vehicles were involved in the incident but there are roads that closed for caution purposes. It shows that land slide really can cause economic losses since many road will be closed when land slide happens. It was normal landslide happened natural because of rain and structure of soil is not strong. The big problem was landslide that happen because of illegal deforestation ran by irresponsible person. Deforestation will cut down many trees that been used to strengthen the ground grip. Since Cameron Highlands mostly were high ground, trees were needed to make sure that slope will not slip and cause landslide. Low strength of ground grip and heavy rain can cause a huge disaster other than landslide. It may cause mud flood, huge casualties or even death since there are many population lives there. When we examined landslides in Cameron Highlands, we discovered that we can reduce this incident from happen again and again. This paper is structured as follows, causes of deforestation and causes of landslide, effects of landslides, the way to overcome landslides and deforestation and discuss the cases that happened in past few years. Soil Erosion Causes Landslide Soil erosion can cause a lot of devastating impact in our ecosystem and surrounding. One of the glaring effect of soil erosion is landslide. Soil erosion causes landslide in certain places like Cameron Highlands because it is situated at steep geographical location. Furthermore, human activities like deforestation for agricultural practices in steep area and construction purposes contribute in negative ways to extradite the cause of landslide. Firstly, it is common in this day and age that people are exploiting the ecosystem for variety of purposes. Most obvious activity is deforestation such as Cameron Highlands. Deforestation in a place like Cameron Highlands is very liable to landslide because as the site being clear-up, it is usually believed that landslide is very imminent. Since there is lacking of canopy from natural vegetation that can blockade rainwater from reaching the ground over long periods. Thus, this phenomenon will surge the tendency of erosion on the steep ground which subsequently lead to landslide. Next, devoid of plants cause by deforestation in steep areas can cause landslide in view of the fact that there is no natural vegetation that can absorb rainwater from flowing into the ground de facto this unnatural occurrence will weaken the foundation of ground and landslide will ensue. Secondly, Cameron Highlands is a major agriculture producer in Malaysia such as vegetables, fruits, flower and so on. Thus, numbers of area have been developed to fulfil the needs of plantation areas. This activities are relating to deforestation especially in steep grounds to optimise the area of plantation. Nevertheless, this action will expose vast area to erosion and eventually lead to landslide. Moreover, many people believed this activities can be reduce or mitigate soil erosion by planting small trees, little grass, shrubs and cover the surface of the ground with canvas but nothing compare to natural vegetation that can minimise soil erosion in more efficient ways. Whereby, authorities should take action by restricting certain areas that can be cleared-up for agriculture practices. Thirdly, nowadays construction is growing in fast pace and areas like Cameron Highlands are developing building to attract tourists afterward increase the economy. As the areas develop, it forces major areas have to be cleared-up for construction. Deforestation has to be taken placed to attain the deed of construction areas. Thus, the ecosystem and environment is disrupted which is more prone to landslide if the activities of deforestation is conducted in steep areas. Afterward, as the construction taking place it might causing further problem if there is no proper drainage system that can flow rainwater to the suitable areas. Construction authorities should be aware and conscious about how to manage rainwater so that it will not affecting the surrounding predominantly in steep areas to avoid landslide. Finally, soil erosion causes by deforestation have a damaging effect on ecosystem and nature. Landslide is one of the most common effect in steep areas and should not be taken lightly. This to ensure landslide will not happen often and cause casualty. Effect of Soil Erosion Soil erosion is a serious problem that keeps occurring because of heavy rains towards the soil that is not strong anymore. As we all know, soil erosion causes many types of problem such as loss of topsoil and this can cause harm to farmers while they are working with their crops. This happens because the top soil cannot hold together and when heavy rain pours, it will drag the topsoil along with the rain. Soil erosion can also cause soil compaction this means that the soil below the topsoil become to compact and it will decrease the water to flow at deeper level and this will cause a more serious soil erosion. Next, soil erosion can also cause poor drainage and this occurs when the soil is to compact with the sand and it seals the surface layer. Poor drainage is very dangerous because it makes it harder for water to flow through the grown. Thus, it can help cause a really bad soil erosion and this will probably hurt innocent bystanders. Furthermore, increase in soil acidity level is also one of the causes of soil erosion. The increase in soil acidity is very bad to the people who works with the field because this will impact negatively towards the growth of plants and crops. Soil acidity increase because when the soil’s structure is changed and the organic matters are decrease. Up next, water pollution also one of the major problems that is cause by soil erosion. The water pollution is very dangerous because it can badly effect our water supply and our food source and this will absolutely harm our lives. The water pollution is cause when the soil that is drag down is mix with sendiment and contamination such as fertilizer and pesticide. Lastly one of the most dangerous problems that is cause by soil erosion is landslide. When soil start to collapse it will be easily brought down by heavy rains and this will be very problematic. This is because when landslide occur it can cause many other issues such as accident, traffic congestion and many more. We hope that this article can help people to understand and knows the causes of soil erosion and try to help prevent soil erosion from ever happening. Thus, making the world free of the dangers of soil erosion. Help save the environment and may it help us in living a better and a brighter life. How to overcome soil erosion In this day and age, soil erosion is one of the major problem that keep rising every year. Soil erosion is very dangerous because it harms many people through landslide and many other. Soil erosion is caused by the lack of awareness and the responsibility of the people that keeps doing logging without paying attention that the soil can keep breaking apart and causing many problems to other innocent people. Fortunately, there are many ways to overcome this catastrophe. One of the ways are by planting many grass and shrubs and add mulch or rocks so it helps in holding the soil together. We can also plant trees because the tree root are a very powerful tool to reduce soil erosion. Furthermore, building retaining wall can also help overcome soil erosion. The retaining wall are built at the base of the slope it can slow down the soil from collapsing and the retaining wall can help grass or other plant to grow and help to keep the soil together thus preventing soil erosion. Other than that, we can also improve our drainage by building gutters and pipes that can flow the water effectively. This is because without an effective drainage, heavy rain can wash away a hold layer of the soil and it is very dangerous. It is also important to keep the soil covered at least a year round because a bare soil is easier to get erosion than the soil with cover. Next, we can also overcome soil erosion by turning hillside into terraces. Turning the hillside into terraces can restraint the soil from collapsing easily. For example, in Cameron Highland there are a few hillside that has been terraced and farmers can easily farm strawberries and many more without worrying any soil erosion from ever happening. There are many ways to overcome soil erosion it just whether we chose to do it or not to. It is really important that the people knows how to prevent soil erosion so that there will be no fatal accident that may happen because our lack in understanding the dangers of soil collapsing. This few ways of overcoming soil erosion can help save many lives and keep the surrounding nature beautiful in the future. Cases which happened in Cameron Highlands Kampung Raja, Ringlet town and Bertam Valley (2014) Many landslide tragedies in Cameron Highlands happened because of human greed for profit. They willing to do many illegal exploitation of land and corruption without thinking the effects to the nature and the residents. Due to a lot of illegal deforestation activities for plantation of vegetables, the disaster such as landslides and mudslides struck Kampung Raja, Ringlet and Bertam Valley on 5 November 2014. This incidents causing the evacuation of many families and the loss of five lives. Kampung Raja (2017) A gardener who is a Bangladeshi man died after he was buried in a landslide. The landslide happened at Batu 49, Kampung Raja. When the incident occurred in 3 o’clock in the morning. The victim and his friend was taking a rest at a hut at the foot of a hill however his friend manage to run from the landslide. The victim was taken for post mortem to the Sultanah Hajjah Kalsom Hospital [2]. Jalan Brinchang-Tringkap (2014) A man lost his beloved wife and son in a landslide tragedy. M. Nitiahwaty, 24, and R. Rubeniswaran, her one year old son were buried alive in the landslide. The most heartbreaking is the woman was eight months pregnant. The husband, V. Raja, 41, was rescued by fire and rescue. Mr. Raja had fractured his left leg and was buried up to the chest when he was being rescued. They tried to escape from being hit by the debris from the landslide but they cannot running through the workshop which Mr. Raja work at. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the contributing of deforestation can cause the landslide happen in the Cameron Highland. This soil erosion can cause a lot of bad impact in our ecosystem and surrounding as the Cameron Highland is situated at steep geographical location. Deforestation in the Cameron Highland is very liable to lanslide as the site being clear up. Since there is lacking of canopy from natural flora that can blockade rainwater from reaching the ground over long periods. When the unfilled plants cause by deforestation, this unnatural occurance will make the foundation of ground become weak. There are one cases which happened in the Cameron Highland when a lot of illegal deforestation activities are done. This disaster such as lanslide causing the evacuation of many families and the loss of five lives. So, one of the ways to overcome this serious matter are by planting many grass and vegitation and add much rocks so it helps in holding the soil together. The disaster of soil erosion may affect many things in many ways. One of the effect of soil erosion is can cause poor drainage and this occurs when the soil is too compact with the sand and it seals the surface layer. Poor drainage is very dangerous as it makes it harder for water to flow through the grown. Thus it can cause a really bad soil erosion and will probably hurt bystanders. So, there are a way to improve the drainage by building gutter and pipe that can flow the water effectively. This is because without an effective drainage, heavy rain can wash away a hold layer of the soil. Nowadays, attraction is growing in fast pace especially in the Cameron Highland to increase the economy. As the areas develop, deforestation has to be taken placed to attain the deed the construction areas. Thus, the ecosystem and environment is disrupted which more pone to landslide. From the research of deforestation that causes soil erosion, it can be concluded that the planting of plants and trees is a major protection to ensure the soil erosion is not occured as the root of trees and plants can make the soil become firmed and the soil will not slide anymore. References Barrow C.J.† Issues and challanges of sustanaible Agriculture in the Cameron Highlands†. Malaysia Journal of Environmental Manajorent, Vol 10, 89-114, 2009. Zaini Hamzah.† Quantifing soil erosion and,deposition rates in tea plantation area, Cameron Highland, Malaysia Using Cs†. The Malaysian of Journal of Analytical Secemes, Vol 18, 94-106, 2014. Danish Kazmi.† A study on the contributing factors of Major landslides in Malaysia†. Civil Engineering Journal, Vol 2, 669-78, December 2016. Haliza Abdul Rahman.†Landslide Disaster in Malaysia an Overview†. Health and the Environmental Journal, Vol 8, 58-71.2017. Zainuddin Md Yusoff.†Engineering Geological of an active slope in KM46 Simpang Pulai Perak†. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 28, 35-41, 2016. Mohamad Aiman Fitri Abd Aziz,† Landslide at Cameron Highlands-Sungai Koyan road. Internet: www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2018/02/351703/landslide-cameron-highland-sungai-koyan-road, Feb,3,2018( August,29,2018). Bernama. â€Å"Cameron Highlands tragedy caused by greed, illegal land clearing.† Internet: http://www.thesundaily.my/news/1268720, Dec. 16, 2014[Aug. 20, 2018]. Zahratulhayat Mat Arif. â€Å"Bangladeshi gardener killed in Cameron Highlands landslide.† Internet: https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/01/207180/bangladeshi-gardener-killed-cameron-highlands-landslide, Jan. 25, 2017[Aug. 20, 2018]. Bernama. â€Å"Pregnant woman, child killed in Camerons landslide.† Internet: https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/12/30/camerons-landslide/, Dec. 30, 2014[Aug. 20, 2018] How to cite Deforestation and Climate Change, Papers

Local Government and Planning Law

Question: Discuss about theLocal Government and Planning Law. Answer: Introduction: This essay shows the arguments about the fact that the proposed large scale development plam for the historic Ingis stable yards in Randwick or Newmarket Green development shows the power of the state government. It ensured the controversial developments which were in spite of the concerns of the local opposition party and the clear community. Randwick Council proposed for some changes for developments for the planned redevelopment of the Newmarket Green site to the planning control.The arguments involved in this essay will help to understand this fact more clearly with the facts for and against this statement. Decision Making Process: The decision making process for the development of the Newmarket Green (Ingis site) which is located in Barket St. in Randwick is involved the Randwick Council and the Department of Planning and Environment. The rezoning proposal for this particular site was approved by this Department of Planning and Environment. Particular Development Control Plan (DCP) and amendments to Randwick Councils Local Environment Plan (LEP) were introduced. Proposed changes for the DCP include Open public place and Affordable housing. For the open public place, the proposal involved 5,000m2 of public open space. Though, the configuration, shape and rights for the public access of that place were totally uncertain. Proposed changes included more certainty with the proper specification of the minimum dimensions of 66mX76m and it must have frontages of two streets and it must be a single area and should not be used for any other use. As per the State Government of Randwick, these changes will promise an usea ble and accessible open public space. DCP was not included the affordable housing in the proposed site.this proposed changes included more certainty with 5% of the total housing that should be affordable for the key worker groups including the essential service personnel or the workers of the hospital[1]. The draft of this proposed development plan for the Newmarket Green (Inglis site) area was on public exhibition from 19th September, 2015 to 27th October, 2015 for any comment from the public. The hard copies of the proposed plan was available online, in Councils Administration Building, 30 Frances Street Randwick, Margaret Martin Library, Level 1, Royal Randwick Shopping Centre Randwick, Bowen Library, 669-673 Anzac Pde Maroubra and Malabar Community Library 1203 Anzac Pde Matraville for the general people. Randwick City Council considered the planning proposal in 2011. Then, the Council refused for further processing because of the extreme height and density and they were concern about amenity impacts and negative traffic. The Joint Regional Planning Panel approved the proposed plan in April, 2015. The planning control was performed by the Local Environment Plan (LEP). The guidance for the future development was provided by DCP and this guidance was adopted by the Department of Planning and Environment in March, 2015. The council then encouraged the members from the general public to provide their views and to submit their views online through the interactive form or through email at council@randwick.nsw.gov.au or through writing in the address to The General Manager Newmarket Green (Inglis site) Development Control Plan Amendments Ref: F2013/00156. 30 Frances Street Randwick NSW 2031 or by Fax 02 93191183. The Council staffs then received all the reviews from the general people and based on that prepared a report. This report represented in the meeting of the council. The councillors considered that report and determined the way to proceed[2]. Opportunity for Community: The development plan for the historic Newmarket Green (Ingis site) in Randwick was underestimating the future traffic and the roads located in this area. It is assumed that the proposal for the development of 750 homes, a park and various shops in the Newmarket Green area will increase the traffic flow by approximately 17% by the year 2021. It is seen that the Barker Street where the Newmarket is located is already a congested area. It is seen that the traffic figure that was shown in the proposed plan was not included the increase in the cars after the development will take place in the High Street for the construction of the CBD terminus and South East Rail Line. The residents were concerned that the ambulances will face traffic issues and will not be able to reach on time in the emergency situation within the Prince of Wales Hospital because of the increased traffic in the Barker Street. The development plan did not show this issue at all. In addition, Barker Street is one of the main entry ways to the University of New South Wales. The development plan did not include a plan to create a border for the Randwick Girls High School, Randwick Boys High School and Rainbow Street Public School. The Inglis family used the 5 hectare site since the year 1917 which was bought by Super fund Cbus Property in exchange of approximately $260 million. Super fund Cbus Property wanted to build 19 buildings with the height ranging from 2 to 8 storied including 750 homes, various shops, a park and the urban plaza. The analysis of Super fund Cbus Property says that this development should create approximately 385 vehicle trips in the morning and 346 vehicle trips in the afternoon peak time. Local politicians, parents and the residents were not agreed with this as they said that this figure was not included the parts of the High Street[3]. The proposed model made by Cbus was based on the survey in the year 2010 and 2015 which was before the placement of the environment impact statement of the light rail terminus. As per that statement the traffic in the area would change with the increase in the traffic flows on the nearby routes mainly in the Barker Street. The parents of the school students thought that the construction of the 8 storey building will make people to overlook the children in the school premises and it will not be for the welfare for the school children. The Category of Development, the Consent Authority and the Specific Legislative Requirements: The state government, the common people and the opposition were involved in the rezoning plan for the Newmarket Green Inglis area. As per the development plan, there are hundreds of new apartments were in line to be developed at the stable yards in Inglis area. The Inglis family purchased 4.45 hectre Newmarket site at Randwick in the year 1917. After that, they rezoned the area for the mixed uses with approximately 5000 square metres of open space for the public uses. This area attracted the eyes of the international buyers and the price expectations were approximately $250 million. As per the opinion of the Liberal mayor of Randwick named Ted Seng that the rezoning includes 700 units across 25 metre apartment towers in the area which was already populated with high density. The mayor wanted a better solution and because of that he wanted to meet the Planning Minister Rob Stokes. The mayor was also concerned about the public open space which in his opinion may not be in the size and shape as per the plan. The decision was steady as per the recommendations of the joint regional planning panel. The Department of Planning and Environment spokeswoman said that as per the rezoning plan, there was maximum reduction in the building height so that it fulfils the community concerns. This spokeswoman also informed that the size and shape of the public open space was the part of the application of the future development. William Inglis Son rezone the site with 900 apartments and then moved their operation to Warwick Farm[4]. The Legislative Requirements: The mayor of Randwick was Ted Send who wanted to have an urgent meeting with the new planning Minister Rob Stokes before getting the approval from the Department of Planning on the long weekend of Easter. This approval was about rezoning the Inglis site of stableyards which was located in Baker Street. This rezoning was for the residential development and for the open public place. The approval included 600-700 dwellings with 25metre high buildings. But, the proposed rezoning site was already populated area. Mayor lighted up in the matter that when the proposal came in December 2011, then they decided not to proceed with the plan because there was no support from the community and the planning proposal had also some negative impacts. The Department of Planning took the matter from the hand of the local government that time. But after 4 years, they decided to give approval for the rezoning plan with minor compromises. As per the opinion of the mayor, those compromises were not even concerned about the higher density or had any impacts on traffic or had any impact on the open public place. So that the Mayor wanted to meet the Planning Minister in an urgent basis and make him aware about these concerns and also try to work for a better solution. Though, the council was still concerned about the development and the impacts of these developments on the parking and traffic in the area near by the residential streets. The mayor of Randwick was also concerned about the fact that the area which was proposed for 5000 square metre of open public space was water down area. So, there was no guarantee that this area will be in the proposed size and shape and will be really benefitted for the general people. So, the Department decided not to zone the open public space as RE1 Public Recreation Zone as per the legal advice. But, the Department included a clause in the LEP. Mayor was afraid that this new clause may destabilize the previously located issues and also may create the pointless difficulty[5]. The exhibition organised for the common people to be aware about the proposed plan for the rezoning in the Newmarket Green (Inglis site) area in the Randwick City. The exhibition was organised by the Randwick City Council. The exhibition was about to start on 3rd March 2016 and it was about to end on 5th April 2016 for the interest of public. But, the Randwick City Council has extended the public exhibition for 7 more days till 12th April 2016. This application was for the stage 1 proposal. 9 development lots, 4 public roads, 1 open public space, 19 buildings with 2 to 8 storeys with approximately 750 residential dwellings, an urban plaza, 2163 square metres space for the commercial or retail uses, 5000 square metres area of public park, Big Stable Building for the commercial or residential uses and adaptive reuse of Newmarket House for the use of residents or commerce were included in this stage 1 proposal. The value of the application was estimated by approximately $160 million. Th is value was not determined by the Randwick City Council but, was determined by the Joint Regional Planning Panel. The starting cost for the proposal of rezoning of the Newmarket Green area was including 17% low cost housing surrender. Then this cost was reduced by 10%, after that it again reduced by 5% and then nothing. There were thousands of objections made by the local residents and the opposition party against the rezoning of this Newmarket Green site in the year 2011-12. That time, the objections were ignored by the NSW Government Joint Regional Planning Panel[6]. Conclusion: It is understood from the essay that Randwick City Council proposed the rezoning plan for the Newmarket Green site in the Barker Street in Randwick. This proposal was approved by the Department of Planning and Environment. The rezoning plan was included the extension in the residential area including affordable housing and open public space worth 5000 square meters. General residents were against this rezoning plan. They gave objections against this plan. But their objection was ignored by NSW Government Joint Regional Planning Panel. In this case, the state government of Randwick shown their power maintaining the planning laws. It ensured this controversial development without the consent if the opposition party and the local residents. Reference List: Inglis Development Application Exhibition Period Extended - Randwick City Council(2017) Randwick.nsw.gov.au https://www.randwick.nsw.gov.au/about-council/news/news-items/2016/april/inglis-development-application-exhibition-period-extended McKenny, Leesha,Inglis Development Rezoning: Randwick Mayor Seeks Urgent Meeting With Planning Minister(2017) The Sydney Morning Herald https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/inglis-development-rezoning-randwick-mayor-seeks-urgent-meeting-with-planning-minister-20150410-1mikwl.html Newmarket Green (Inglis Site) Development Control Plan Amendments | Your Say Randwick(2017) Yoursayrandwick.com.au https://www.yoursayrandwick.com.au/inglis Randwick Mayor Concerned At Inglis Rezoning - Randwick City Council(2017) Randwick.nsw.gov.au https://www.randwick.nsw.gov.au/about-council/news/news-items/2015/april/randwick-mayor-concerned-at-inglis-rezoning User, Super,Inglis/Newmarket Site(2017) Saverandwick.com https://www.saverandwick.com/index.php/developmentapplicationsproposals/inglisnewmarket-site