Critical Approaches to the Online Learning Assignment

Critical Approaches to the Online Learning - Assignment Example Professor Michael Porter, supported the idea of creating the online courses with the condition that it should be run in a manner that doesn’t ruin the class-room concept of study. Professor Porter puts it simple and clear: â€Å"A company must stay the course, even in times of upheaval, while constantly improving and extending its distinctive positioning† (Useem). The theory of Porter holds that the programs that exists need not be disrupted in any form on the other hand the online learning should be introduced as an additional program (Useem). This theory holds that an introduction of the new program should be a way of reinforcing the strategy that is already in place.Leading University departments like the Harvard Business School have opted on the Porter’s theory in the expense of Christensen’s. Instead of disrupting the traditional Masters in Business Administration and the programs that relate to executive education; online education is introduced as a n option in the business education sector (Porter).Professor Clayton Christensen believed that for universities to be more competitive and lead in the market, they are to disrupt the ‘old model’ of teaching and embrace the online method (Porter). This is seen as a method that will embrace technological changes and the same time increase the number increases the number of students that are reached per lecture. Professor Christensen believes that through the disruptive approach the process will be less costly and simple.

Comparison between Urdu and English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Comparison between Urdu and English - Essay Example The writers, poets, scholars and philosophers of that era created literature in this newly-advent language, and added thousands of Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Hindi, Sanskrit, Punjabi and Bengali words in Urdu language. It is therefore it was aptly viewed to be the lashkari or military language, which had sought support and inspiration from divergent armies and militia. Consequently, Urdu won the status of an independent language by 16th century onward carrying distinguished literature, grammar, vocabulary, phonetics and syntax. History: Urdu language remained a matter of great controversy and conflict between the Hindus and Muslims in the aftermath of the fall of Muslim rule in India in 1857. The British particularly aggravated the conflict by declaring it the language of the Muslim community only because of its writing style that takes after Arabic and Persian. During 1860s, the prejudiced Hindus raised demonstrations and demanded for the replacement of Urdu with Hindi alphabetic sty le. The Hindus declared Urdu as an alien language, which had no roots in Indian sub-continent. Similarly, the British looked for the implementation of their own language i.e. English after dismissing the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar (1837-1857) from the helm of the government. However, the Muslims turned out to be successful in protecting Urdu as one of the most prominent and powerful sources of communication among the Indian subjects, as Rashid Banarsi views: â€Å"Agar Urdu pe bhi ilzaam hai baahar se aane ka, To phir Hindustan kis ka vatan hai ham nahi samjhey.† (Translation: â€Å"If there are charges against Urdu, that it too is an outsider, Then whose homeland is India? We don’t understand†). (Lee, 1999, p. 337-38) Prominent Urdu Writers: Thus, Urdu remained as one of the most dominant Indian languages till the partition of India in August 1947. The Founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, declared Urdu as the only official language of the then recently established state of Pakistan; however, it was also included as one of the twenty two official languages of the liberated India. Wali Daccani is regarded as the first poet of Urdu language, though Mirza Asad Ullah Ghalib (1797-1869) is unanimously and undisputedly revered as the greatest and the most influential poet of the Urdu language. Somehow, Mir Anees, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Mir Taqi Mir, Daagh Delhvi, Deputy Nazir Ahmad, Haider Ali Aatish, Iqbal, Faiz, Sahir, Perveen Shakir, Saghir Siddiqui and others are also great names in the long list of Urdu poets and writers. Relationship between Urdu and English: English language won unabated applause during 17th and 18th centuries onward, the time when the Europeans started their adventures in the strategically weak countries of Asia and Africa. Being the most powerful naval and military might, England overthrew the monarchies and governments in several Asian and African continents, and captured their wealth and resources by oc cupying their political and economic systems. Consequently, they imposed their own language in all the occupied lands, and it became inevitable for the indigenous population to learn English language in order to survive in their own motherland. Gradually, the language turned out to be the secondary language of a large number of countries; the same was the case